Monday, March 8, 2010

3.8.10 - Special Effects and Chroma Keying

Warm-Up (15 min)
Students log-in and complete the following independent tasks:
1. P.O.T.D.

2. Q.O.T.D.:
Think of a film or T.V. show you have seen that uses green screen. What did they do with it? What effect did it produce?


3. V.O.T.D.:
Write an example sentence and a synonym (if applicable) for the following words.

chroma key: Chroma key compositing (or chroma keying) is a technique for compositing two images or frames together in which a color (or a small color range) from one image is removed (or made transparent), revealing another image behind it.

scale: Proper proportion: 

composite: the process of digitally assembling multiple images to make a final image, typically for print, motion pictures or screen display. It is the evolution into the digital realm of optical film compositing.

Key light:
The key light, as the name suggests, shines directly upon the subject and serves as its principal illuminator; more than anything else, the strength, color and angle of the key determines the shot's overall lighting design.

Fill light:
Shines on the subject from a side angle relative to the key and is often placed at a lower position than the key light (about at the level of the subject's face). It is usually softer and less bright than the key light. Not using a fill at all can result in stark contrasts (due to shadows) across the subject's surface, depending upon the key light's harshness.

Back light:
A.k.a. the rim, hair, or shoulder light. Shines on the subject from behind, often (but not necessarily) to one side or the other. It gives the subject a rim of light, serving to separate the subject from the background and highlighting shape.

Background light:
Placed behind the subject(s), on a high grid, or low to the ground. Unlike the other three lights, which illuminate foreground elements like actors and props, it illuminates background elements, such as walls or outdoor scenery. This technique can be used to eliminate shadows cast by foreground elements onto the background, or to draw more attention to the background. It also helps the camera give depth to the subject.

3-point lighting:
By using three separate positions, the photographer can illuminate the shot's subject however desired, while also controlling (or eliminating entirely) the shading and shadows produced by direct lighting.

Chroma Key Applications (15 min)
We will examine visual effects in film. Specifically how, and to what effect, chroma keying is used.
Video - history of chroma key

Considerations for chromakeying (10 min)
We will hypothesize possible problems in shooting a chroma key shot.
See Jahlil’s Green Screen Demo
Possible problems:
1. reflection, same color
2. uneven lighting (shadows, hotspots)

Lighting - How to light a chroma shoot (30 min)
We will examine how to light a chroma key shot.
Together Let’s:
1. Set up the camera for capturing the subject & screen.
2. Light the screen and subject with 3 point lighting.


Class/Group Project (30 min)
Students work together to create a story that implements chroma keying effects.
1. Develop a story that uses background replacement, scale shifting, and or magic.
a. Identify objective and beats
b. Create a shotlist.

Standard:
Skills, Processes, Materials, and Tools 2.1: Create original works of art of increasing complexity and skill reflect their feelings and points of view.

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